189 vs 190: how the two pathways differ
Both the points-tested 189 stream and subclass 190 grant permanent residence if approved. The central difference is nomination: 189 is independent, while 190 requires a state or territory decision as well as the federal visa criteria.
Aarish Haider · Registered Migration Agent · MARN 2619656
Updated 2026-10-22 · General information · Official-source check 2026-10-22
Key facts
| 189 | 190 | |
|---|---|---|
| Sponsorship | None required | State/territory nomination required |
| Points | Based on personal factors only | Personal factors plus nomination points |
| Occupation eligibility | Relevant national visa list | Relevant national visa list plus the jurisdiction’s current selection criteria |
| Settlement considerations | No state nomination undertaking | Read the nominating state’s settlement undertaking and distinguish it from visa conditions |
Requirements
Check whether the occupation and assessment support each option and whether a state program is genuinely available to you. Nomination points cannot replace other federal requirements or cure an unsupported EOI claim.
Process
- Check the two national visa frameworks against the occupation and evidence.
- Review relevant state programs, including whether a separate ROI or invitation is required.
- Compare location plans and nomination commitments, then maintain accurate EOIs and state submissions.
Evidence
Use the same verified qualification, employment and English timeline when comparing both routes; add state-specific residence or employment evidence where required.
Common issues
A stronger-looking points total does not ensure state selection or an independent invitation. Compare eligibility and practical settlement plans rather than assuming a fixed ranking of the two visas.
Official sources
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